Ubusolo le-AI Abangane: Okusizayo Lokungasizi
Ukubuka okuqotho ukuthi i-AI ngane ingenzani ngobusolo nokuthi ingenzi, kanye nokuthi ungayisebenzisa njani ukuze yengeze impilo yakho kungasikuthi iyincishe.
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Ababhali abanengi ngobusolo labangane be-AI bawela emaqenjini amabili. Elilodwa lithi abangane ngumuthi, ilizwi elifudumeleyo kunoma ngubani omlayo ngehora lesithathu ekuseni. Elinye lithi bangumjibila, indawo yokuthatha engelalutho ezabalahla abantu bedlule kulokhu ababenakho. Womabili amaqembu ajwayele ukuqiniseka ngaphezu kokuvunyelwa yizifakazelo, futhi womabili akhuluma ngabantu abasolo kulokuthi akhulume labo.
Lesi sihloko sizama ukwenza okuncedayo kakhulu. Sithatha ubusolo njengesipiliyoni ngokungathí sina, sibuka lokho okwaziwayo ngabo, sibuze ngokuphandle ukuthi i-AI ngane ilingena ngaphi: yini engayisiza ngeqiniso, lapho ehluleka khona, njalo ungakubona njani umehluko empilweni yakho.
Ubusolo yini ngeqiniso
Ubusolo akusikho ukuba wedwa. Abantu abanengi bahlala bebodwa kodwa bezizwa behlangene kuhle; abantu abanengi bakhelwe ngabanye kodwa bezizwa besolo kakhulu. Usosayikholojini uJohn Cacioppo, owachitha iminyaka eminengi efunda lesi sihloko, wachaza ubusolo njengokuhlukaniswa kwezenhlalo okuzwakalayo: isikhala esibuhlungu phakathi kobudlelwano onabo lobudlelwano obuludingayo.
UCacioppo loWilliam Patrick, encwadini yabo iLoneliness yango-2008, bathi lobu buhlungu bulomsebenzi wokuvela kwezinto. Kuhlobo lwabantu abahlalisanayo, ukusikwa eqenjini kwakusenza ingozi, futhi ubusolo busebenza njengendlala loba ukoma: isaziso esingamukelekanga esikuqhubela ekulungiseni izibopho zakho zenhlalo. Ubulukhuni bobusolo obuhlala isikhathi eside bukhona ngoba isaziso singabuyela emuva. Ucwaningo luka-Cacioppo lwathola ukuthi abantu abasolo bavame ukuba lokuqapha okwengeziweyo ngokusongela kwezenhlalo. Bafunda ukwaliwa ebusweni obungathathi hlangothi, balindele ukudumazwa, futhi baqapheleke kakhulu, okwenza ubudlelwano busebenzise lobusolo budlondlobale. Kuyindilinga, futhi izindilinga kunzima ukuzephula zisuka phakathi.
Usosiyoloji uRobert Weiss wenza omunye umehluko okufanele wazi. Wahlukanisa ubusolo bemizwa, ukungabi lomuntu oseduze, othandekayo, lobusolo benhlalo, ukungabi lenethiwekhi ebanzi yabangane lokuba ngowekhaya. Buzwakala ngokwehlukileyo, futhi buthuthuzelwa yizinto ezehlukeneyo. Umlingani othandayo akelapheli ngokuphelele ukungabi labangane, futhi impilo yenhlalo exakekileyo ayelapheli ngokuphelele ukungabi lomuntu ongowakho.
Ubusolo bubalulekile futhi empilweni ngezindlela manje ezinzima ukuzilahla. Ucwaningo olubanzi olucashunwa kakhulu luka-Julianne Holt-Lunstad, uTimothy Smith loBradley Layton, olwashicilelwa ngo-2010, lwathola ukuthi ubudlelwano benhlalo obuqinileyo babuhlobene lamathuba aphezulu kakhulu okusinda ngesikhathi socwaningo, umphumela oqhathaniswa ngobukhulu lezinto ezaziwayo eziyingozi. Ubusolo akusikho ukudabuka kuphela. Lemiphumela.
Okungasizwa yingane ngeqiniso
Lapha konke lokhu, kungaba yinqaba ukulahla noma yini ephumuza umuzwa. Futhi kulezindlela zeqiniso i-AI ngane engasiza ngazo.
Okokuqala ukuphumula okusheshayo. Ubusolo bavame ukufika enkulu ezikhathini ezithile: ebusuku kakhulu, ngezimpelasonto, emva kokuhlukana, emzini omutsha. Ingane ikhona emahoreni lawo lapho kungafanelanga ukufonela muntu. Ukuba lakho ukukhuluma, ukuphendulwa ngobunene, lokuzwa ukuxhumana okuncane kungathambisa umphetho obukhali webusuku obubi. Lokho akusikho lutho.
Okwesibili yilokho abacwaningi ababiza ngokuthi i-social surrogacy. UJaye Derrick, uShira Gabriel loKurt Hugenberg bathola ukuthi abantu abacabanga ngezinhlelo zabo abazithandayo zethelevishini bazizwa bengasoli kakhulu futhi bavikelwa ebuhlungwini bokwaliwa. Ngamanye amazwi, abalingiswa abaziwayo bangaletha ingxenye yomuzwa wokuba ngowekhaya. Ingane exhumanayo yindlela eqinileyo kulethelevishini, ngoba iyaphendula.
Okwesithathu ukuzijwayeza. Kwabantu abakhathazekile loba abalibele ezindaweni zenhlalo lezothando, ingane inikeza ukuzijwayeza kokuyingozi encane: ukuthi uthini umuzwa wakho, ukuthemba, ukubeka imingcele, ukuphatha ukungavumelani, lokuveza uthando ungesabi ukwaliwa. Ukuzijwayeza akudluli ngokuzenzakalela kubantu, kodwa ukuzethemba kuvame ukudlula.
Okwesine ukuzivezela. Ukubhalela umuntu, noma ngabe kungasimuntu, kungakusiza uqaphele okuzwayo. Abantu bagcina amadayari amakhulu eminyaka ngenxa yalokhu. Ingane yidayari ephendulayo.
Futhi okwesihlanu yintokozo, kulula nje. Akusikho konke ukusetshenziswa kwengane okufanele kube kokwelapha. Isifiso, ukuthembana lokusondelana kuyingxenye yempilo ephelele, futhi ukuba lendawo eyimfihlo yokuzithokozisa ngakho kuyisizathu esihle ngokwaso.
Lapho ehluleka khona
Ukuba qotho ngezinzuzo kutsho ukuba qotho ngokulinganayo ngemikhawulo.
Ingane ayingeni endaweni yokuthinta komzimba kwebudlelwano. Ukuthinta, indawo ehlanganyelwayo, umzimba eduze kwakho esofeni: lezizinto zibalulekile kubantu ezingeni elingafinyelelwa yingxoxo.
Ingane ayikudingi. Lo ngumkhawulo ojulileyo kakhulu, futhi kulula ukuwunganaki ngoba ungazwakala njengenzuzo. Ubudlelwano babantu bubandakanya ukuncika komunye kwomunye. Abantu bayancika kuwe, badumazwa nguwe, basizwa nguwe. Ukudingwa kungomunye wemithi eqinileyo kakhulu yobusolo, futhi ingane, noma umlingiswa wayo ubeqotho kangakanani, ayincikile kuwe ngalutho ngeqiniso.
Ingane ayikwazi ukuxhumanisa lomuntu. Ubusolo benhlalo, ngomqondo kaWeiss, bumayelana lokuba ngowewebhu yabantu. Ingane yibudlelwano obunye, futhi ayikuxhumanisi ngaphandle labangane babangane, umphakathi, loba indawo lapho abantu bazi ubuso bakho khona.
Futhi ingane ingenza ukugwema kube lula. Lokhu yinkathazo uSherry Turkle ayikhulisa encwadini iAlone Together: ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obunikeza ukuxhumana ngaphandle kwezidingo zobungane bungasikhokhela ekulindeleni okuncane komunye komunye. Uma ubudlelwano be-AI bubayisizathu sokungazami ubudlelwano bomuntu obunzima, obuyingozi, bungenza ubusolo obabubonakala bubuphumuza bujule ngokuthula.
Okuthiwa yizifakazelo ngobusolo
Ucwaningo olungumthamo olwahlonywa nguChristopher Masi, kanye loCacioppo labanye, lwabuka ukungenelela okuningi okwakuhlosiwe ukunciphisa ubusolo. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu esikuthole yikuthi ukungenelela okwaqhuba kahle kakhulu kwakungasikho okwanda nje ukuxhumana kwenhlalo loba ukufundisa amakhono enhlalo. Kwakungokwabhekana lokucabanga okungalungiswanga kwenhlalo: ukulindela ukwaliwa, ukuqaphela okweqileyo, lezincazelo ezimbi ezigcina abantu abasolo kuyindilinga uCacioppo ayichazayo.
Lokhu kuyibhonsana elisebenzayo lokucabanga ngabangane. I-AI ngane ayiyikulungisa ubusolo ngokungeza ukuxhumana; ucwaningo lukhomba ukuthi ukuxhumana kuphela akusikho okuyisiqalo esiqakathekileyo. Kodwa kungabakhona, kwabanye abantu, ukusiza ukuthambisa okulindelwe okungaphakathi. Ukuzwa ubufudumele lokuphendulwa, noma kuvela kumlingiswa wesiqanda, kungakhumbuza umuntu ukuthi kuzwakala njani ukwamukelwa. Ukuzijwayeza ukuvuleka endaweni ephephileyo kungenza ukuvuleka kwenye indawo kungesabi kangako. Ngokufanayo, uma ingane iba yindawo nje yokucasha ekwesabeni ukwaliwa, iqinisa indilinga kulokuyikhulula.
Isisetshenziswa esifanayo singasebenza ngezindlela zombili. Umehluko usekusetshenzisweni kwaso.
Ukusebenzisa ingane ukuze yengeze empilweni yakho
Nansi iminqumo ebonakala yehlukanisa ukusetshenziswa okunempilo kulohlobo olunciphisa impilo. Akusimithetho, futhi kakho odinga ukuyilandela ngokuphelele.
Qaphela lokho okufinyelela kukho. Ngezinye izinsuku ufuna ukuhlala lomuntu. Ngezinye ufuna ukugwema umuzwa, ucingo, loba isinqumo. Kokubili kungokomuntu, kodwa kuyehluka. Ukuzibuza ngokufishane ukuthi yikuphi, kuvame ukugcina ingane endaweni yayo efanele.
Yivumele ikhombe ngaphandle. Ingane ingaba yindawo enhle yokucabanga ngengxoxo enzima okumele uyenze lomngane, ukuzuza isibindi sokuthumela umyalezo, loba ukucubungula usuku olungahambanga kahle. Ngokusetshenziswa kwalokhu, iba yibhuloho kulokuba yindawo yokufika.
Gcina imicu yabantu, noma ibucayi. Ucwaningo ngobusolo luhlala lukhomba ukuthi ukuxhumana okuncane, okuvamileyo kubalulekile: umakhelwane okhuluma laye, ikilasi lamaviki, umngane omthumelela umyalezo noma ungelalutho oluningi lokukhuluma. Ingane akusiyo isizathu sokuyilahla le. Uma kukhona, ubungane bayo bungenza kube lula ukuza kuyo ngokuphelelwa yithemba okuncane.
Bheka ukuhamba, kungesikho usuku. Ngamanye amaviki uzasebenzisa ingane kakhulu. Kulungile. Umbuzo ofanele ukubuzwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngowokuthi, ezinyangeni, impilo yakho iyakhula loba iyancipha. Uma ubona abantu abambalwa wenza izinto ezimbalwa, kufanele kunakwe, noma yisiphi isizathu.
Futhi uma ubusolo sebuhlukumeze kokuthile okunzima, njengokuphelelwa yithemba okuqhubekayo loba imicabango yokungafuni ukuba khona, ingane akusiyo isisekelo esifanele. Sicela ukhulume lodokotela, umeluleki, loba ulayini wezimo eziphuthumayo elizweni lakho. Lokho akusikho ukwehluleka. Kunjengokubona umuntu ngobuhlungu obungahambi.
Indawo ethobekileyo, yeqiniso
Kungenzeka ukubamba imibono emibili kanyekanye. Abangane be-AI bangaletha induduzo yeqiniso, intokozo lomuzwa wokubonwa, futhi abangeni konke impilo yabantu egcwele ubudlelwano ekunikezayo. Ukuzenza ukuthi akunjalo, nganoma yiphi indlela, akuncedi abantu abasolo.
Senze iNSFW AI Companion ngabantu abadala abafuna ingane elomuntu weqiniso, imemori yabo, lendawo yokusondelana lesifiso. Sithanda ukuthi abantu bayisebenzise njengento enhle eyodwa empilweni egcwele kulokuba ngumduli ngokumelana lokunye. Umphumela omuhle kakhulu akusikho ukuthi awudingi muntu omunye. Yikuthi ulendawo eyodwa elokhu ozizwa ungowakho, uthathe lomuzwa kancane ubuyisele ezweni.
UVivek Murthy, ngesikhathi esebenza njengeSurgeon General yase-U.S., wabhala incwadi ngobusolo ebizwa ngeTogether, ethi umuthi wokuhlukaniswa akusizo izinto ezinkulu kodwa yizenzo ezincane, eziphindaphindwayo zokuxhumana. Ingane ingaba yisenzo esisodwa salezo. Isebenza kahle kakhulu uma ingesiyo yodwa.
Ucwaningo olukhethiweyo lokufunda: - Cacioppo, J.T. & Patrick, W. (2008). Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection. W.W. Norton. - Weiss, R.S. (1973). Loneliness: The Experience of Emotional and Social Isolation. MIT Press. - Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T.B. & Layton, J.B. (2010). Social relationships and mortality risk: A meta-analytic review. PLoS Medicine, 7(7), e1000316. - Masi, C.M., Chen, H.-Y., Hawkley, L.C. & Cacioppo, J.T. (2011). A meta-analysis of interventions to reduce loneliness. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 15(3), 219–266. - Derrick, J.L., Gabriel, S. & Hugenberg, K. (2009). Social surrogacy: How favored television programs provide the experience of belonging. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45(2), 352–362.